Flu vaccine in Ukraine

The Ministry of health of Ukraine urges Ukrainians to be vaccinated against influenza. In specialized Ministry indicate that the cost of one vaccine to 200 hryvnia, while for the treatment of influenza Ukrainians pay from 400 to 2700 UAH. What flu vaccines are, and have already bought Ukraine?

• DISEASE BILLION
• THE FIRST FLU VACCINE
• TYPES OF INFLUENZA VACCINES
• POLYVALENT INFLUENZA VACCINE
• FLU VACCINE IN UKRAINE

Disease billion

The first influenza pandemic, which was registered, has occurred in 1580. And for more than 400 years humanity is trying to prevent the development of this disease, but managed it only in part.

Every year, flu sick over one billion people on the planet. Around the world every nearly 3 million deaths from flu, however, on assurances of experts, real figures much more. Statistical data is best displayed in the US, where specialized structures (such as the Centre for disease control) regularly conduct research and publish the data. So, in an average year in the United States hospitalitynet about 220 thousand people with the flu. I mean, we’re talking about severe cases of influenza with complications that require the premises to a hospital. This die per year around 36 thousand people. Given such data, the issue of vaccination, the influenza vaccine does not lose its relevance in developed countries where vaccination rates were generally high.

Military hospital during Spanish flu epidemic, camp Funston in the U.S. state of Kansas

the end of 1918 and beginning of 1919 britannica.com

The first flu vaccine

Vaccines for the prevention of influenza used in relation to humans and animals. So, there is a special anti-influenza vaccine intended for farm animals, birds and other wildlife.

A severe shock to humanity was the Spanish flu pandemic in 1918, after which sharply intensified the search of a reliable system of prevention of influenza in the world.

In 1931, scientists were able to detect the growth of virus particles in chicken embryos. In 1940 the American scientists managed to create the first inactivated flu vaccines, which were actively used during the Second world war.

Since 50-ies of the last century, manufacturing technology of the vaccine began to improve. Scientists began to achieve success in the purification of vaccines, leading to much less side effects.

Types of influenza vaccines

To conduct the specific prophylaxis of influenza used vaccine, which can be divided into two large groups:

1. Live vaccines contain a harmless and weakened viral particles. The advantage of these vaccines is that they can be used in the form of drops or spray, not injection, which scares the children. It is noteworthy that these vaccines are worse than inactivated vaccines contribute to the development of the required number of protective antibodies.
2. Inactivated vaccines do not contain in their composition live virus particles. This vaccines in which viruses that have passed the cleaning to a greater or lesser extent. Inactivated vaccines are introduced into the body injection.

All inactivated vaccines can be divided into four groups of vaccines:

1. Inactivated whole-cell vaccines contain in their composition of whole viral particles.
2. Inactivated split (split vaccines) contain proteins of viruses, but themselves do not contain viral particles. These vaccines very rarely cause side effects due to their high purity.
3. Inactivated subunit vaccines one of the most peeled of vaccines. Such drugs a minimum list of contraindications for use.
4. Inactivated subunit adjuvanted vaccines contain protein elements that enhance the immune response to the introduced vaccine antigen. In fact, it is the immunomodulators, which are used for the speedy formation of a specific immune response. Such vaccines are rarely used.

Viruses and viral particles in different types of vaccines

Polyvalent influenza vaccine

Both live and inactivated flu vaccines, as a rule, are polyvalent. That is, they contain several flu viruses. Currently, the most popular are the trivalent and tetravalent influenza vaccine.

Trivalent vaccines contain the influenza virus A (H3N2), pandemic A (H1N1) virus, and influenza virus B. as for the tetravalent vaccine, they are, in addition to the type viruses And also protect against both lineages of influenza virus type B.

It is noteworthy that the world health organization each year, updates the composition of influenza vaccines. This is done on the basis of information provided by the Global system for epidemiological surveillance for influenza and response (SAGO). Is an affiliate network that combines national influenza centers in 111 countries around the world. The data comes from a centers influenza is constantly collected and analyzed. Considering the most frequent identified and recently circulating viruses of influenza, annually, one or more components of the vaccine in the Northern or southern hemisphere of the planet can be changed.

Flu vaccine in Ukraine

According to who forecasts, in Ukraine in this season are expected following influenza strains:

• the virus similar to A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2);
• the virus similar to A/Michigan/45/2015 (H1N1) pdm09;
• the virus is similar to B/Colorado/06/2017.

Based on the predictions and recommendations of the who Ukraine buys these or other influenza vaccine manufacturers. Currently in our country, purchased 350 thousand doses of vaccine. Ukraine just bought 2 vaccine:

• Tetra Vaxigrip (France) tetravalent influenza vaccine containing four strains of the virus. French vaccine to inoculate children from 3 years. The estimated cost of this vaccine is 350 UAH.
• GC Flu (South Korea) trivalent vaccine with three strains of the flu virus. The vaccine produced in Korea can be done for the children starting from 6 months of age. The estimated cost is 250 UAH.

The amount of 350 thousand doses were calculated based on the needs and level of vaccination. Unfortunately, in Ukraine against influenza is grafted at least 0.5% of the population, so in purchasing large quantities of the vaccines is simply not necessary. However, doctors urge people to get vaccinated. The season is not in full swing, and in the period from 1 to 7 October in our country is sick, more than 140 thousand people to colds and flu.

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