Treatment of sinusitis with antibiotics is carried out only in the case when there are pronounced symptoms of bacterial infection and intoxication. In allergic, viral, or fungal sinusitis the use of antibiotics is inappropriate.
- A FEW WORDS ABOUT ANTIBIOTICS
- IN SOME CASES ANTIBIOTICS IF THE SINUSITIS IS NOT NEEDED?
- WHEN ANTIBIOTICS ARE NECESSARY?
- WHICH ANTIBIOTICS ARE MOST EFFECTIVE FOR SINUSITIS?
- FEATURES OF TREATMENT WITH ANTIBIOTICS IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS
- COMMON MISTAKES IN TREATING SINUSITIS WITH ANTIBIOTICS
- RULES OF ANTIBIOTIC USE IN SINUSITIS
A few words about antibiotics
Antibiotics are substances that inhibit the growth of bacterial cells and other microorganisms, including protozoa. The antibiotics should not be confused with antiseptic substances. Unlike antiseptics, the antibacterial activity is evident not only when applied topically, but also when administered systemically in the biological fluids of the body.
The antimicrobial effect of antibiotics is carried out through the following mechanisms:
- Violation of the synthesis of key proteins of the bacteria, which becomes unsustainable.
- Violation of the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) of bacteria.
- Violation of the synthesis of cell wall components of bacteria, making her vulnerable and unsustainable.
- A violation of the functioning of the cell membranes of microorganisms.
- Violation of the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines.
- Disruption in the respiratory enzymes of bacterial cells.
Currently, antibiotics are widely used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. At the same time, uncontrolled use of these drugs has led to the development of the problem of antibiotic resistance. In addition, these drugs have many side effects, so thoughtless in their application, including in the sinus, it is impractical and can go in harm.
The first antibiotic was opened in 1928 by Alexander Fleming, and industrial production of these drugs began in 1941. Through the use of antibiotics in surgery during the Second world war saved hundreds of thousands of lives, because after surgery the wounded were not observed infectious complications.
Alexander Fleming
In some cases when sinusitis antibiotics not needed?
The first step is a complete examination to identify the causative agent of sinusitis, and on this basis to determine the treatment. Antibiotics when sinusitis is not needed if:
- sinusitis develops in response to an allergic reaction. If you are allergic to the antibiotics useless;
- sinusitis occurs against a background of chronic rhinosinusitis caused by fungal diseases. Antibiotics are ineffective against fungi;
- sinusitis caused by viral infections, because antibiotics have no effect against viruses. In this case, the appropriate use of antivirals and immunomodulators.
Readers ‘ questions Good day! In may I had bilateral maxillary sinusitis and did 4 puncture, punctured by antibiotics, cured 18 October 2013, 17:25 Good day! In may I had bilateral maxillary sinusitis and did 4 puncture, punctured by antibiotics, cured. Now again was feel bad for myself, x-rayed, honey sinusitis. Cut 6 days Ospamox 1000, but a little purulent discharge remained.So I have to drink an antibiotic? View answer
When antibiotics are necessary?
Antibiotics are prescribed in a mandatory manner, if the symptoms of sinusitis are very bright. For example, in cases where the patient noted fever, signs of intoxication, purulent discharge and severe pain in the region of the sinuses. Usually, in such situations, the doctor will prescribe antibiotics without waiting for test results, because without antibiotic therapy, the situation could significantly deteriorate.
Features of treatment with antibiotics in children and adults
If we are talking about the younger age group (preschool age), their bacterial sinusitis is best treated with the antibiotic penicillin. Such antibiotics as effective and relatively safe for children. The best option would be powder and suspension forms of antibiotics for children.
Of course, the decision to use antibiotics taking doctor. Often kids cause of sinusitis is Mycoplasma or chlamydia, which antibiotics penicillin cope very badly. In such cases, the doctor must pick up child other antibiotics that will effectively cope with pathogenic microorganisms.
Both children and adults selection of antibacterial drugs should be carried out individually. However, it often happens that the agent is not determined, and the preparation should be prescribed immediately. In such cases, the selection of the drug occurs empirically. As a rule, broad-spectrum antibiotics that are effective against a number of microorganisms.
Common mistakes in treating sinusitis with antibiotics
Despite the relatively widespread use of antibiotics in acute or chronic sinusitis, people often make mistakes when using these tools. Let us examine the most common misconceptions about treating sinusitis with antibiotics:
- Antibiotics reduce the temperature. If you have a fever, it does not mean that you need antibiotics. Antibiotics fight only with bacterial pathogens, but not with fever. Remember that the lower the temperature used antipyretic drugs (to take which is also not recommended without a doctor’s prescription). Fever is not necessarily caused by bacterial infection. It could be a virus.
- Antibiotics help with viral infections. No, antibiotics are absolutely powerless against viruses. For this reason, it is not recommended to take antibiotics for colds, because most often they are caused by viral infections.
- Antibiotics for the prevention. Don’t take antibiotics to prevent sinusitis. There are some conditions in which antibiotics indeed appropriate to prevent the development of bacterial complications, however, the sinusitis, the condition will not apply.
- Cheap antibiotics will not help. In fact, antibiotics are not very expensive drugs. Again recall that the choice of antibiotic is carried out individually by the attending physician, and if the antibiotic seemed too cheap, it does not mean that it is ineffective. In some cases, cheap antibiotics are much more effective than costly. So the price in this case is not a criterion of therapeutic efficacy of the drug.
Do I need to bring the temperature down?
The fever is a protective mechanism that has been developed in the course of evolution to combat pathogenic agents and inflammation in the body. When the temperature of the body increases blood flow, significantly accelerates the process of tissue healing. In other words, the body begins to work in Overdrive mode, in particular this applies to the fight against pathogenic microorganisms. At elevated temperatures the immune system actively fights viruses and bacteria, contributing to their rapid destruction and excretion from the body. In addition, the increase in temperature contributes to the activation of interferon complex of proteins with antiviral activity. As you can see, the increase in temperature is a protective mechanism down is not recommended. Otherwise you will weaken the body, and that the only need to infection.
The use of antipyretics is justified in cases where the body temperature rises to 38.5 and above. Also if a patient (especially a child) does not tolerate the temperature increase, the admission of antipyretic in such a situation would be the only true way out of the situation.
Rules of antibiotic use in sinusitis
Here are a few important rules that must be followed when taking antibiotics to treat sinusitis:
- Mandatory read the instructions to the drug, which is going to take. Even if your doctor will explain everything, anyway, the user manual need to read.
- Treatment of sinusitis should be directed at addressing causes and not symptoms.
- Strong antibiotics are prescribed only in severe bacterial form of the disease. In viral etiology of the disease is established antivirals.
- Be careful about taking drugs because the antibiotics can cause adverse reactions. Follow all the doctor’s orders. If the doctor’s prescription corresponds to the dosage and mode specified in the instructions, then be sure to ask the doctor why he has prescribed for you exactly this recipe.
- Avoid self-medication. The most effective drug for sinusitis will select for you only a doctor after examination. This can be a particular antibiotic against a specific pathogen (if it could be identified) or a broad-spectrum antibiotic in case, when drugs are selected at an accelerated rate empirically.
- With continued sinus topical antibiotics combined with systemic.
- It is important to prevent complications of rhinitis and further development of sinusitis. If you have started the rhinitis, then immediately begin to act!
SEE ALSO:
- To treat sinusitis can be gentle methods
- sinusitis. Victory without loss!
- sinusitis in a child: how to recognize a dangerous illness?