Cardio pulmonary resuscitation is one of the basic skills of first aid, which should be familiar to every. Unfortunately, nobody is insured from accidents, and your skills in conducting of closed cardiac massage and artificial respiration can someone save a life.
In 1984, an anesthesiologist from Austria Peter Safar proposed a universal approach to cardiopulmonary resuscitation ABC, which has been used for over 30 years. The execution of manipulation allows the victim with the maximum probability of survival. The essence of the ABC of resuscitation consists of the following:
- Airway (respiratory tract) identification of obstruction in the respiratory tract; the elimination of the blockage and ensuring the patency of the larynx, trachea and bronchi.
- Breathing (respiration). The implementation of artificial respiration by a special technique with a certain frequency.
- Circulation (circulation). Ensuring normal blood circulation with chest compressions.
Preliminary measures
Before carrying out cardiopulmonary resuscitation should do the following activities:
- Check the victim’s breathing and pulse. Attach the ear to the mouth of the victim. If the patient is breathing, you should hear the sound of the exhaled air, to see movement of the chest and feel the movement of air on my cheek. In the movies in such cases is often shown as a lifeguard applies his ear to the chest. This makes sense if the affected chest fully exposed. Check the pulse by palpation of the carotid artery. If no pulse, then heart stopped and needed to take action.
- Make sure that the mouth no foreign body. you do not need to find them by touch, as in this case, you will provoke spasm, and the victim may bite you. Remove only those items that are visible to the eye.
- Ask others to urgently call an ambulance. If there are no people call the ambulance yourself. Then start to do cardio-pulmonary resuscitation.
How to perform CPR
- Place the victim on his back, bend your head and pull the bottom jaw forward, open your mouth. This will prevent the ceasing of the language and effectively carry out artificial respiration. This technique is called triple manoeuvre Safar. If the victim is already unconscious, then it should be limited only by the nomination of the mandible and priotkryvayut the oral cavity. If the person is breathing, it means that his heart works. In this case, it should be laid on its side and wait for the arrival of the ambulance.
- CPR, begin with chest compressions. Hands should be straight. The whole body should press on the chest with a frequency of 100-120 clicks per minute. Make sure that the depth of pressing was 5-6 cm, the break should be no more than 10 seconds. Allow chest to finish, but does not distract from her hands.
- Do artificial respiration mouth to mouth. For this you need to cover the victim’s mouth with your mouth, holding your fingers on your nose. Make vigorous exhalation duration of 1 second and allow the victim to exhale. In this case the chest should rise and fall, but if this is not observed, so the Airways are clogged.
It is noteworthy that one man is not able to simultaneously press on the ribcage and conduct artificial respiration, so these steps need to be alternated. Field every 30 taps should be 2 respiratory movement.
When to stop CPR
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is terminated in the following cases:
- when the victim has a pulse and breathing;
- 30 minutes after resuscitation measures;
- if signs of biological death.
The half-hour interval for cardio-pulmonary resuscitation is installed not by chance. As practice shows, for more than 30 minutes of action heart comes to work, however the victim is killed, the cerebral cortex, and people just can’t recover.